The Applied Coastal and Ocean Engineering (ACOE) is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal that serves as a reputable platform for researchers, engineers, practitioners, and policymakers working in the field of coastal and ocean engineering, with a particular emphasis on issues relevant to Indonesia and the Indo-Pacific region. Journal Title: Applied Coastal and Ocean Engineering (ACOE) Publisher: Perkumpulan Ahli Rekayasa Pantai Indonesia (PARPI) / Indonesian Society of Coastal Engineers and Scientists (ISoCES) ISSN (Online): 3109-7146 DOI Prefix: https://doi.org/10.31605/ijcoe Publication Frequency: Biannually (June & December) Publication Type: Open Access, Peer-Reviewed Language: English (Bahasa Indonesia accepted in special issues) Editor in Chief: Dr. Ir. Imam Rohani, ST., MT.
Automated Hydro-Oceanographic Data Pipeline for Marine Spatial Decision Support (Prototype)
The implementation of risk-based marine spatial licensing demands accurate hydro-oceanographic data to mitigate structural and ecological hazards. However, reliance on costly in-situ measurements or computationally heavy global models—which are often plagued by shallow-water anomalies and complex binary formats—poses significant challenges for local regulatory bodies. This study presents the development of a Hybrid Intelligent Decision Support System (HIDSS), a Python-based automated spatial data pipeline designed to bridge this technical gap. The backend architecture employs automated spatial clipping to eliminate land mask boundary noise and utilizes robust vectorized operations for high-speed, 20-year tidal hindcasting using eight major harmonic constituents. Wave climates, current circulation, and dynamic bathymetric profiles are instantaneously extracted and systematically compressed into a lightweight, Parquet-formatted Data Lake. Crucially, this highly structured storage seamlessly integrates with Large Language Models (LLMs) via API and Fuzzy Logic protocols, automatically translating massive numerical arrays into comprehensive descriptive analyses and quantitative risk indices. The developed the Prototype HIDSS platform successfully empowers evaluators to conduct instantaneous, evidence-based technical audits, fundamentally optimizing the efficiency, transparency, and scientific rigor of the marine spatial planning ecosystem.
Copyright (c) 2026 Applied Coastal and Ocean Engineering https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Coastal Protection in Ampenan Diesel Power Plant,Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara : Layout Design Phase
High waves and beach erosion are a problem in the Ampenan Diesel Power Plant facility at the Tanjung Karang Beach, Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara Province, every year. The coastal protection structures are needed in that facility, considering the facility's importance as the electricity power supplier in Mataram City and its surroundings. This article presents the planning of coastal protection structures, especially the best layout to reduce beach erosion in that location. Firstly, the wind measurement data is analyzed, followed by the analysis of wave prediction from that wind data. The coastal process is analyzed based on available evidence to determine the cause of beach erosion in that location. Three structure alternatives were proposed and analyzed using the One-Line Model to obtain the best layout. The third alternative layout gives the best protection, which consists of a 75 m T-shape and a 75 m parallel breakwater. The construction cost estimation and method analysis also give the best result for the third alternative. The third alternative makes significant shoreline advancement in the location and gives minor adverse effects (shoreline retreat) for the surrounding area. The third alternative is still easy to build despite its significant construction cost.
beach erosion, coastal protection, One-Line Model, Mataram City
Remote Sensing-Based Evaluation of Mangrove Cover Change in Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai, Bali
The mangrove ecosystem plays a vital in supporting coastal resilience and mitigating climate change. However, monitoring changes in mangrove cover is necessary to ensure adaptive and sustainable area management. This study aims to investigate change in mangrove area in 2016, 2020 and 2024 within the Ngurah Rai Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) as well as to identify potential land for mangrove expansion based on land cover and ecological conditions. The methods used include primary data collection through interviews with park manager and local communities and secondary data from Sentinel-2 imagery and previous studies. Data analysis applied remote sensing techniques including the calculation of NDVI and NDMI indicates, vegetation density classification and spatial analysis of mangrove cover change. The results show an expansion of mangrove area from 1.027,609 hectares in 2016 to 1.068,911 hectares (an increase of about 3,86%) in 2024, with a significant rise in the dense vegetation category from 643,055 hectares to 766,344 hectares (approximately 16,01%). The analysis also identified 198,974hectares of water bodies suitable for mangrove expansion, offering considerable potential for additional carbon storage.
Hydrodynamic Modeling of Tides Using Delft3D in the Coastal Area of Pangali–Ali, Majene Regency
The waters surrounding Pangali–Ali Beach, located in Majene Regency, West Sulawesi Province, represent a coastal area that plays a strategic role in the local community’s social, economic, and ecological aspects. The relatively high level of fishing activity in this region makes tidal information an essential dataset to support sustainable coastal management and planning. This study aims to identify the hydrodynamic characteristics, particularly tides, at Pangali–Ali Beach as a basis for designing coastal protection structures. The research was conducted using numerical modeling with Delft3D, incorporating tidal data and bathymetric maps as input. Delft3D was selected due to its strong numerical performance and comprehensive features for simulating coastal and marine water dynamics. The simulation results for December 2021 indicate that the maximum sea level (highest tide) reached approximately 0.956 m, while the minimum sea level (lowest tide) ranged from 0.05 to 0.1 m. Based on the sea-level elevation analysis, the tidal pattern at Pangali–Ali Beach is classified as semi-diurnal, characterized by two high tides and two low tides within a day.
Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport Under River-Coastal Forcing in Malili Estuary
Malili Estuary experiences progressive channel shoaling driven by interactions among river discharge, tidal currents and wave forcing. As a navigation route serving Balantang Port and Malili Fish Landing Port (PPI Malili), understanding sediment dynamics is essential to maintain hydraulic capacity and navigability. This study analyses hydrodynamic characteristics and sediment transport under coupled river–tidal–wave forcing using a two-dimensional numerical model integrating hydrodynamic (HD), spectral wave (SW) and sediment transport modules (ST). Model validation shows good agreement with field observations, with MAPE values of 3% for water level, 9.4% for current velocity, and 16% for suspended sediment concentration. Results indicate that sediment transport varies throughout the tidal cycle, with ebb and flood phases influencing redistribution along the estuarine channel. River discharge primarily controls current velocity, while wave-current interaction near the estuary mouth increases near-bed shear stress and sediment mobilization. Simulated bed level changes reveal gradual suspended-load accumulation of approximately ±0.02 m, whereas bed load transport produces larger bed elevation changes from 0.2 - 0.3 m within three-month simulation period, confirming its dominant role in morphological evolution. These findings highlight the importance of integrated river-tidal-wave interactions in controlling channel shoaling and supporting sustainable navigation management.
Performance Evaluation of IDSL for Tsunami Early Warning Systems at Bungus Port
Indonesia is highly vulnerable to near-field tsunamis due to its tectonic setting along active subduction zones. Rapid detection of sea-level anomalies is therefore critical for the effectiveness of Tsunami Early Warning Systems (TEWS). This study evaluates the performance of an Inexpensive Device for Sea Level (IDSL) installed at Bungus Port, West Sumatra, with particular emphasis on its suitability for real-time tsunami monitoring. The performance assessment includes sea-level measurement accuracy, data gaps, transmission latency, alert functionality, and webcam-based verification. IDSL observations show strong agreement with predicted tidal data from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG), with a correlation coefficient of 0.98 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.10 m. The average data transmission latency ranges between 3 and 10 seconds, indicating near-real-time capability suitable for early warning applications. Data gaps were generally short (3–5 minutes) and were primarily caused by communication disturbances. Webcam imagery also provided reliable visual validation, with more than 90% of the images classified as good quality. Overall, the results demonstrate that the IDSL system provides reliable, low-latency sea-level monitoring and represents a promising complementary instrument for strengthening Indonesia’s TEWS, particularly in tsunami-prone coastal regions.